Subject: The subject of a picture is the thing that the picture focuses on. The photographer usually wants you to focus on the subject of the picture.
The subject of this picture is on the dog and the bird because it is interesting.
The rule of thirds: this is a thing that your eye notices but you don’t. In a picture, your eye creates 4 imaginary lines. These lines separate the picture into thirds vertically and horizontally. Your eyes then focus on the things that are where those lines intersect. It is good to know this because you should put your subject in those places.
This photographer did a good job because he put his
Subject (the flower) where two of the lines intersect.
Focus: The focus of a picture is how fuzzy or sharp it is. On some cameras, there is a button or a wheel you can turn to adjust the focus, but on others you have to have a certain distance from the thing you are taking a picture of.
For example, the man in the background has very poor
focus while the wheat at the front has good focus and you can
see it very clearly.
Lighting: Lighting is a very important part in photography. It determines not only brightness and darkness, but also tone, mood and atmosphere. So it is necessary to control and manipulate light correctly to get a good texture and vibrancy of color on your subjects.
This picture has good lighting because it has an
Interesting atmosphere and a good mood, and a good
Overall picture.
The composition of a photograph is the overall view of the picture. If a photograph has a good composition, it means that it uses the rule of thirds, has a subject, has good focus and has a good control of light.
https://www.picturecorrect.com/tips/tips-to-emphasize-your-subject-in-photography/
http://www.shawacademy.com/blog/light-in-photography/
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